How many pairs of ribs are in the human rib cage?

The human rib cage consists of 12 pairs of ribs, which is a standard anatomical feature of human anatomy. Each pair of ribs corresponds to a vertebra in the thoracic region of the spine, providing structural support and protection for vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The ribs can be categorized into three groups: the true ribs (the first seven pairs), which attach directly to the sternum; the false ribs (the next three pairs), which attach indirectly to the sternum or are floating; and the floating ribs (the last two pairs), which do not attach to the sternum at all. This anatomy is crucial for understanding respiratory mechanics, as the rib cage plays a vital role in facilitating breathing.